Professor Leward Jeke
Prof. Leward Jeke is the Head of Department (Economics) at Nelson Mandela University. He is a Full Professor in Economics who holds a PhD in Economics (2015) and a Master of Commerce in Economics (2012). He did his Honours in Economics at the University of Cape Town in 2009. Prof Jeke has been a university lecturer for at least 10 years and participates in commissioned research projects, together with conducting and publishing research outputs in accredited journals. He specialises in policy research and teaching in environmental economics, financial economics, economics of financial markets and econometrics courses. Prof Jeke has also been contracted with private organisations together with UNU-Wider on various research projects to these clients. His academic and contract work has mainly focused on international business, labour economics, environmental economics and financial economics. Previously, he has also lectured undergraduate macroeconomics course at the University of KwaZulu Natal and; public economics, econometrics and microeconomics at the University of Venda. During his academic career, Prof Jeke has presented papers at several local and international conferences, published research in renowned academic journals and served as a panel discussant at various workshops and conferences. He further supervises PhDs, Masters, Honours and other postgraduate research theses. He serves as a referee to numerous journals and acts as an external examiner for PhDs theses, Masters theses, Honours research projects/treatises and moderates economics courses in more than ten South African universities (University of Johannesburg, University of KwaZulu Natal, University of Zululand, North West University, University of Fort Hare, University of Limpopo, Walter Sisulu University, Rhodes University, University of South Africa, University of Mpumalanga, Stellenbosch University, University of Venda, Durban University of Technology and The Independent Institute of Education (Pty) Ltd ). Externally, he moderates for the University of Namibia, Midlands States University and University of Peshawar in Pakistan. At Nelson Mandela University, Since joining the Department of Economics in 2015, Prof. Jeke has been a key member of the team that maintains and develops the course curriculums for the department. He developed new courses and is a member of various academic and professional bodies.
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Publications Prof Jeke
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Julius Mukarati, Leward Jeke and Sanderson Abel. “Competition in the Non-Life Insurance Industry”. International Journal of Economics and Finance Studies. Vol: 15 No: 01 (2023). ISSN: 1309-8055 (Online) (pp. 225-245) Doi: 10.34109/ijefs. 202315111
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Apau, Richard, Athenia Sibindi, and Leward Jeke. “Effect of Macroeconomic Dynamics on Bank Asset Quality under Different Market Conditions: Evidence from Ghana”. Risks 11, no. 9: 158 (2023). https://doi.org/10.3390/risks11090158
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Sanderson Abel, Julius Mukarati, Leward Jeke, Pierre Le Roux. “Credit risk and bank profitability in Zimbabwe: An ARDL Approach”. International Journal of Economics & Finance Studies, 15 (01), 370-385 (2023). https://doi:10.34109/ijefs. 202315117
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Benjamin Musiita, Leward Jeke, Turyareeba Dickson, Kenneth Mugambe, Boyi Ben, Thomas Kisaalita, Richard Richard Mwesige, and Geoffrey Kahangane. “Productivity Factors and the Growth of the Manufacturing Sector among the East African Community Members States: Testing the Adequacy of the Endogenous Growth Hypothesis”. American Journal of Economics 7, no. 1 (2023): 33-52. https://doi.org/10.47672/aje.1512
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Julius Mukarati, Leward Jeke and Sanderson Abel. “Green technology and energy consumption efficiency in Zimbabwe”. Environmental Economics, 2023, LLC CPC Business Perspectives; Ukraine. № 06-23 ЕЕ. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ee.14(1).2023.07
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Sanderson Abel, Julius Mukarati, Leward Jeke and Pierre Le Roux. “Carbon tax and environmental quality in South Africa”. International Journal of Energy Economics & Policy, 2023, 13(2), 484-488. https://doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.13474
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Olufunmilayo Olayemi Jemiluyi and Leward Jeke. “Foreign Direct Investment and Tax Revenue Mobilization in South Africa: An ARDL Bound Testing Approach”. Taylor and Francis Ltd, 2023; Development Studies Research, 10:1, DOI: 10.1080/21665095.2023.2197156
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Olufunmilayo Olayemi Jemiluyi and Leward Jeke. “How Catalytic Is Digital Technology in the Nexus between Migrants’ Remittance and Financial Development in Sub-Saharan African Countries?” Economies. 2023; 11(3):74. https://doi.org/10.3390/economies11030074
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Olufunmilayo Olayemi Jemiluyi and Leward Jeke. “Tax revenue mobilization effort in Southern African Development Community (SADC) bloc: Does ICT matter?” Cogent Economics & Finance, 11:1, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/23322039.2023.2172810
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Olufunmilayo Olayemi Jemiluyi and Leward Jeke. “Does Level of Education Modulate the ICT-Economic Growth Nexus?: Further Insight from Sub-Saharan African Countries”. Volume 18, Issue 3, September 2023, Pp 71 - 87. African Journal of Business and Economic Research (2023). DOI: https://doi.org/10.31920/1750-4562/2023/v18n3a4
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Richard Apau, Leward Jeke, Peter Moores-Pitt and Paul-Francois Muzindutsi. “The effect of performance manipulation on fund flows under different market conditions in South Africa”. Investment Management and Financial Innovations, 19(3); 2022. Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3961671
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Olufunmilayo Olayemi Jemiluyi and Leward Jeke. “A Comparative Analysis of the Urbanisation-Fertility Nexus in Most Urbanised Countries of Sub-Saharan Africa”. Zagreb International Review of Economics & Business (2023). DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/zireb-2023-0008
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Stephen Zhanje and Leward Jeke. “External Financing Sources and Economic Growth: A PARDL Approach to Selected SADC Countries”. African Journal of Business and Economic Research 17.2 (2022): 157-181, 2022. Doi: https://hdl.handle.net/10520/ejc-aa_ajber_v17_n2_a7
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Leward Jeke, Patrick Lusenge Ndungo and Clement Moyo. “Testing the foreign aid-led growth hypothesis in the Democratic Republic of Congo”. The Journal of Developing Areas, Volume 56, No.4 Fall 2022. Doi: 10.1353/jda.2022.0060
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Zondwayo Banda and Leward Jeke. “The impact of public-private partnerships on Zambia's economic growth and Development”. African Review of Economics and Finance. ISSN 2042-1478, 2022. Doi: https://hdl.handle.net/10520/ejc-aref_v14_n1_a5
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Leward Jeke and Lazarus Zungwe Wanjuu. “The economic impact of unemployment and inflation on output growth in South Africa”. Journal of Economics and International Finance 13, no. 3 (2021): 117-126. https://doi.org/10.5897/JEIF2021.1124
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Mishi, Syden, Weliswa Matekenya, Leward Jeke, Ronney M Ncwadi, and Roseline T Karambakuwa. “Firm and Product Survival Analysis: Evidence from South African Tax Administrative and Products Data”. WIDER Working Paper 2021/107 Helsinki: UNU-WIDER, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10419/243433
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Leward Jeke, Tafadzwa Chitenderu and Clement Moyo: “Crime and Economic Development in South Africa: A Panel Data Analysis”. International Journal of Economics and Business Administration. Volume IX, Issue 2, 2021 pp. 424-438
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Roseline Karambakuwa, Ronney Ncwadi, Weliswa Matekenya, Leward Jeke and Syden Mishi: “Special economic zones and transnational zones as tools for Southern Africa’s growth. Lessons from international best practices”. WIDER Working Paper 2020/170. Helsinki: UNU-WIDER, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10419/229394
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Weliswa Matekenya, Clement Moyo and Leward Jeke: “Financial inclusion and human development: Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa”. Development Southern Africa, 1-18. Article ID: CDSA 1799760. August 2020. https://doi.org/10.1080/0376835X.2020.1799760
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Clement Moyo and Leward Jeke: “Manufacturing Sector and Economic Growth: A Panel Study of Selected African Countries”. J. Bus. Econ. Review 4(3) 114 – 130. ISSN 2636-9184, e-ISSN 0128-259X © 2019. September 22, 2019. https://doi.org/10.35609/jber.2019.4.3(1)
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Leward Jeke and Ronney Ncwadi: “Inflation targeting and inflation indicators: The case for inflation targeting in South Africa. By MJSS, MCSER Publishing, Rome-Italy Vol 5 No 10, June 2014.
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Simbarashe Mhaka and Leward Jeke: “An evaluation of the trade relationships between South Africa and China: An empirical review 1995 – 2014”. South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences. ISSN: 1015-8812, e-ISSN: 2222-3436, June 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC-12218c3cad
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Simbarashe Mhaka and Leward Jeke: “A comparative analysis of the determinants of South African bilateral trade flows with the European Union-Southern African Development Community economic partnership agreement and trade development and cooperation agreement”. Working paper series number 1836, 2018.
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Leward Jeke: “Human-wildlife coexistence in Omay Communal Land, Nyaminyami Rural District Council in Zimbabwe”. MJSS, MCSER Publishing, Rome-Italy Vol 5 No 20, September 2014. Doi:10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n20p809.
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Sanderson Abel. Respect Kudzai Mauto, Leward Jeke, and Robson Manenge (2025). Causal Relationship between Economic Growth and Macroeconomic Interactions. International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, 2025, 15(5), 454-459. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32479/ijefi.20984
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Ramathan Ggoobi, Leward Jeke and Benjamin Musiita (2025). Input-growth linkages in Uganda’s industrial development: Insights from sectoral panel data. American journal of industrial and Business Management, 15,1561-1593. DOI: https:/doi.org/10.4236/ajibm.2025.1510082
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Sanderson Abel, Leward Jeke, Respect Kudzai Mauto and Henry Muleya (2025). Modelling Drivers of Economic Growth in SADC Region. Economies, 2025
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Respect Kudzai Mauto, Leward Jeke, Julius Mukarati, Sanderson Abel. Evaluating Interaction Between Inflation and A Composite Macroeconomics Index. International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, 2025, 15(6), 218-224. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32479/ijefi.19995
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Sanderson Abel, Leward Jeke, Henry Muleya, Robson Manenge and Pierre Le Roux. Information Communication Technology, Electricity Consumption and Economic Growth Nexus in Botswana. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.20462
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Leward Jeke and Abel Sanderson (2025). Industrial value addition, Credit Growth and Economic Growth in Botswana. International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, 2025, 15(6), 1-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32479/ijefi.20025
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Leward Jeke, Christopher Erasmus, Julius Mukarati, Simion Matsvai and Abel Sanderson (2025). Bank credit’s role in influencing economic growth in the emerging market. Risk Governance & Control: Financial Markets & Institutions, 15(3), 300–310. DOI https://doi.org/10.22495/rgcv15i3sip12
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Tshilidzi Munzhelele and Leward Jeke (2025). The Impact of Political Instability on Exchange Rate in South Africa: An Econometric Modelling. Indonesian Journal of Islamic Economics and Finance, 5(1), 237-256. DOI: 10.37680/ijief.v5i1.7063
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Abel Sanderson and Leward Jeke (2025). Econometric analysis of rainfall and temperature on economic growth in Angola, Botswana, Tanzania & Zimbabwe. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 2025, 15(3), 719-726. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.19168
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Abel Sanderson, Leward Jeke, Robson Manenge, Julius Mukarati and Pierre Le Roux (2025). Bank Stability and Its Determinants in the SADC Region. WSEAS Transactions on Business and Economics. DOI:10.37394/23207.2025.22.92
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Sanderson Abel and Leward Jeke (2025). Impact of Rainfall and Temperature on Economic Growth in Angola, Botswana, Tanzania and Zimbabwe. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 15(3), 719–726. https://doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.19168
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Zuko Mdandalaza, and Leward Jeke (2025). “Basel III capital regulation and bank profitability in the emerging market” [Special issue]. Risk Governance & Control: Financial Markets & Institutions, 15(1), 150–162. https://doi.org/10.22495/rgcv15i1sip1
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Leward Jeke (2025): “Financial Inclusion and Bank Stability in selected SADC countries”. International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, 2025, 15(1), 1-5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32479/ijefi.17294
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Leward Jeke, Sanderson Abel, Julius Mukarati and Pierre Le Roux (2024). “The mediating effect of fiscal space on the relationship between educational expenditure and economic growth”. WSEAS Transactions on Business and Economics, vol. 21, pp. 2244-2252, 2024. DOI: 10.37394/23207.2024.21.184
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Leward Jeke (2023). “Foreign Direct Investments and Economic Performance: A Comparative Evidence from African and OECD Countries”. https://doi.org/10.35609/gcbssproceeding.2023.1(84) GCBSS.
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Leward Jeke, Clement Moyo and Richard Apau (2024). “Financial liberalisation and illicit financial outflows in African countries: Does institutional quality and macroeconomic stability matter?”. Emerald Group Publishing Ltd. Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JFRC-06-2023-0078
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Benjamin Musiita and Leward Jeke (2023). “Factor Inputs and the Growth of the Manufacturing Sector among the East African Community Member States: Testing the Efficacy of the Extended Neoclassical Growth Hypothesis”. Journal of Economics and Behavioural Studies, 15(4(J), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v15i4(J).3655
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Olufunmilayo Jemiluyi and Leward Jeke (2024). “The Role of Human Capital Development in Urbanization-Economic Growth Nexus: A New Insight on Nigeria, Sustainable Futures”, 2024, 100266, ISSN 2666-1888. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sftr.2024.100266
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Leward Jeke, Sanderson Abel, Kudakwashe Chitaukire, Julius Mukarati and Pierre Le Roux. Sustainability reporting strategy and its determinants among resource-based companies. Corporate & Business Strategy Review. Volume 6, Issue 1, Special Issue, 2025, pp, 93–100. https://doi.org/10.22495/cbsrv6i1art9
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Leward Jeke, Sandisiwe Matitiba and Richard Apau. “Effects of Foreign Direct Investment Inflows on Economic Growth and Human Capital in VISTA Countries”. Institutions and Economies, Vol. 17, No. 4, October 2025, pp. 81-106. https://doi.org/10.22452/IJIE.vol17no4.4
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Sanderson Abel, Julius Mukarati, Valentine Mutandagayi, Leward Jeke, Robson Manenge and Pierre Le Roux. “Nexus between Financial Inclusion and Economic Growth”. 2024. African Journal of Business and Economic Research 19(2):9-28. [https://doi:10.31920/1750-4562/2024/v19n2a1]https://doi:10.31920/1750-4562/2024/v19n2a1
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Olufunmilayo Jemiluyi and Leward Jeke. “Remittance Inflows in a Digital Economy: A Sub-Saharan African Experience”. EnPress Publisher, LLC. Journal of Infrastructure, Policy and Development 2024, 8(4), 2838. https://doi.org/10.24294/jipd.v8i4.2838
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Olufunmilayo Jemiluyi and Leward Jeke. “Time-series analysis of the health outcomes - financial development nexus: evidence from South Africa”. International Journal of Applied Economics, Finance and Accounting. Online Academic Press. [https://doi:10.33094/ijaefa.v18i1.1335]https://doi:10.33094/ijaefa.v18i1.1335
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Olufunmilayo Jemiluyi and Leward Jeke. “Gender perspective on the determinants of health outcomes in selected Southern African countries”. Humanities and Social Sciences Letters, Conscientia Beam (2024), Vol. 12(2), pages 133-148. [https://doi:10.18488/73.v12i2.3654]https://doi:10.18488/73.v12i2.3654
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Julius Mukarati, Leward Jeke and Sanderson Abel. “Competition in the Non-Life Insurance Industry”. International Journal of Economics and Finance Studies. Vol: 15 No: 01 (2023). ISSN: 1309-8055 (Online) (pp. 225-245). https://doi: 10.34109/ijefs. 202315111 https://agbioforum.org/sobiad.org/menuscript/index.php/ijefs/article/download/1447/332/3151
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Richard Apau, Athenia Sibindi, and Leward Jeke. “Effect of Macroeconomic Dynamics on Bank Asset Quality under Different Market Conditions: Evidence from Ghana”. Risks 11, no. 9: 158 (2023). https://doi.org/10.3390/risks11090158
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Sanderson Abel, Julius Mukarati, Leward Jeke, Pierre Le Roux. “Credit risk and bank profitability in Zimbabwe: An ARDL Approach”. International Journal of Economics & Finance Studies, 15 (01), 370-385 (2023). [https://doi:10.34109/ijefs.202315117]https://doi:10.34109/ijefs.202315117
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Benjamin Musiita, Leward Jeke, Turyareeba Dickson, Kenneth Mugambe, Boyi Ben, Thomas Kisaalita, Richard Richard Mwesige, and Geoffrey Kahangane. “Productivity Factors and the Growth of the Manufacturing Sector among the East African Community Members States: Testing the Adequacy of the Endogenous Growth Hypothesis”. American Journal of Economics 7, no. 1 (2023): 33-52. https://doi.org/10.47672/aje.1512
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Julius Mukarati, Leward Jeke and Sanderson Abel. “Green technology and energy consumption efficiency in Zimbabwe”. Environmental Economics, 2023, LLC CPC Business Perspectives; Ukraine. № 06-23 ЕЕ. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ee.14(1).2023.07
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Sanderson Abel, Julius Mukarati, Leward Jeke and Pierre Le Roux. “Carbon tax and environmental quality in South Africa”. International Journal of Energy Economics & Policy, 2023, 13(2), 484-488. https://doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.13474
-
Olufunmilayo Jemiluyi and Leward Jeke. “Foreign Direct Investment and Tax Revenue Mobilization in South Africa: An ARDL Bound Testing Approach”. Taylor and Francis Ltd, 2023; Development Studies Research, 10:1. https://doi: 10.1080/21665095.2023.2197156
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Olufunmilayo Jemiluyi and Leward Jeke. “How Catalytic Is Digital Technology in the Nexus between Migrants’ Remittance and Financial Development in Sub-Saharan African Countries?” Economies. 2023; 11(3):74. https://doi.org/10.3390/economies11030074
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Olufunmilayo Jemiluyi and Leward Jeke. “Tax revenue mobilization effort in Southern African Development Community (SADC) bloc: Does ICT matter?” Cogent Economics & Finance, 11:1, (2023). https://doi.org/10.1080/23322039.2023.2172810
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Olufunmilayo Jemiluyi and Leward Jeke. “A comparative assessment of the urbanization-fertility nexus in most urbanized countries of Sub-Saharan Africa”. Zagreb International Review of Economics & Business (2023). DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/zireb-2023-0008
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Olufunmilayo Jemiluyi and Leward Jeke. “Does Level of Education Modulate the ICT-Economic Growth Nexus?: Further Insight from Sub-Saharan African Countries”. Volume 18, Issue 3, September 2023, Pp 71 - 87. African Journal of Business and Economic Research (2023). DOI: https://doi.org/10.31920/1750-4562/2023/v18n3a4
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Richard Apau, Leward Jeke, Peter Moores-Pitt and Paul-Francois Muzindutsi. “The effect of performance manipulation on fund flows under different market conditions in South Africa”. Investment Management and Financial Innovations, 19(3); 2022. Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.19(3).2022.17
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Stephen Zhanje and Leward Jeke. “External Financing Sources and Economic Growth: A PARDL Approach to Selected SADC Countries”. African Journal of Business and Economic Research 17.2 (2022): 157-181, 2022. Doi: https://hdl.handle.net/10520/ejc-aa_ajber_v17_n2_a7
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Leward Jeke, Patrick Lusenge Ndungo and Clement Moyo. “Testing the foreign aid-led growth hypothesis in the Democratic Republic of Congo”. The Journal of Developing Areas, Volume 56, No.4 Fall 2022. Doi: 10.1353/jda.2022.0060 . https://research.ebsco.com/c/xs5rcn/viewer/pdf/2hqvpc6zfb?route=details
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Zondwayo Banda and Leward Jeke. “The impact of public-private partnerships on Zambia's economic growth and Development”. African Review of Economics & Finance (The Journal of the African Centre for Economics & Finance). ISSN 2042-1478, 2022. Doi: https://hdl.handle.net/10520/ejc-aref_v14_n1_a5
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Leward Jeke and Lazarus Zungwe Wanjuu. “The economic impact of unemployment and inflation on output growth in South Africa”. Journal of Economics and International Finance 13, no. 3 (2021): 117-126. https://doi.org/10.5897/JEIF2021.1124
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Mishi, Syden, Weliswa Matekenya, Leward Jeke, Ronney M Ncwadi, and Roseline T Karambakuwa. “Firm and Product Survival Analysis: Evidence from South African Tax Administrative and Products Data”. WIDER Working Paper 2021/107 Helsinki: UNU-WIDER, 2021. doi:10.35188/UNU-WIDER/2021/047-4 https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F85434577%2FFirm_and_product_survival_analysis_Evidence_from_South_African_tax_administrative_and_products_data&psig=AOvVaw1SMrw8XisRL-P6PkSrxelr&ust=1728151986324000&source=images&cd=vfe&opi=89978449&ved=0CBEQjRxqFwoTCMC3yZOq9YgDFQAAAAAdAAAAABAJ
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Leward Jeke, Tafadzwa Chitenderu and Clement Moyo: “Crime and Economic Development in South Africa: A Panel Data Analysis”. International Journal of Economics and Business Administration. Volume IX, Issue 2, 2021 pp. 424-438. DOI: https://ijeba.com/journal/712
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Roseline Karambakuwa, Ronney Ncwadi, Weliswa Matekenya, Leward Jeke and Syden Mishi: “Special economic zones and transnational zones as tools for Southern Africa’s growth. Lessons from international best practices”. WIDER Working Paper 2020/170. Helsinki: UNU-WIDER, 2020. https://sa-tied.wider.unu.edu/sites/default/files/SA-TIED-WP153_0.pdf
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Weliswa Matekenya, Clement Moyo and Leward Jeke: “Financial inclusion and human development: Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa”. Development Southern Africa, 1-18. Article ID: CDSA 1799760. August 2020. https://doi.org/10.1080/0376835X.2020.1799760
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Clement Moyo and Leward Jeke: “Manufacturing Sector and Economic Growth: A Panel Study of Selected African Countries”. Journal of Business and Economics Review 4(3) 114 – 130. ISSN 2636-9184, e-ISSN 0128-259X © 2019. September 22, 2019. https://doi.org/10.35609/jber.2019.4.3(1)
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Leward Jeke and Ronney Ncwadi: “Inflation targeting and inflation indicators: The case for inflation targeting in South Africa”. MCSER Publishing, Rome-Italy Vol 5 No 10, June 2014. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n10p136
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Simbarashe Mhaka and Leward Jeke: “An evaluation of the trade relationships between South Africa and China: An empirical review 1995 – 2014”. South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences. ISSN: 1015-8812, e-ISSN: 2222-3436, June 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC-12218c3cad
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Simbarashe Mhaka and Leward Jeke: “A comparative analysis of the determinants of South African bilateral trade flows with the European Union-Southern African Development Community economic partnership agreement and trade development and cooperation agreement”. Working paper series number 1836, 2018.
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Leward Jeke: “Human-wildlife coexistence in Omay Communal Land, Nyaminyami Rural District Council in Zimbabwe”. MJSS, MCSER Publishing, Rome-Italy Vol 5 No 20, September 2014. Doi:10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n20p809 https://www.richtmann.org/journal/index.php/mjss/article/view/3798
CONFERENCE PAPERS /DOUBLE BLIND PEER REVIEW CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS
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Leward Jeke: “Foreign Direct Investments and Economic Performance: A Comparative Evidence from African and OECD Countries”. Presented at a conference in Bangkok, Thailand on 14-15 September (GATR). Pusat Kebangsaan ISBN - Library Negara Malaysia / ISBN: 978-967-13147-0-8. 15th Global Conference on Business and Social Sciences Research (CIMSSR-2023), 14-15 September 2023 - Novotel Bangkok Platinum Pratunam (5 STAR), Bangkok, Thailand.
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Leward Jeke: “The effect of pula devaluation on non-mining exports sector in Botswana”. Presented at a conference in Penang-Malaysia on 6-7 December 2019 (GATR). Pusat Kebangsaan ISBN - Library Negara Malaysia / ISBN: 978-967-13147-0-8. 10th Global Conference on Business and Social Sciences on Contemporary Issues in Business and Social Sciences Research (CIBSSR-2019). 6-7 December 2019, G Hotel Gurney (5 STAR), Penang Malaysia.
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Leward Jeke: “Manufacturing sector and economic growth: A panel study of selected African countries". Presented at a conference in Male, Maldives on 19-20 July 2019 (GATR). Pusat Kebangsaan ISBN - Library Negara Malaysia / ISBN: 978-967-13147-0-8. 9th Global Conference on Business and Social Sciences on Contemporary Issues in Management and Social Sciences Research (CIMSSR-2019). 19-20 July 2019, Champa Central Hotel, Malé, Maldives.